A source-critical guide that decomposes “first” claims in mainland China’s transgender medical history into procedure scope, geography, institution, publicity, administrative effect, event time, and source role, comparing the 1983 Zhang Kesha surgery, regional surgery histories of the 1990s, marriage registration in 2003, Geng Zi’s public identity in 2005–2006, and national technical rules from 2009 to 2022.

An institutional archive guide to four decades of Peking University Third Hospital webpages, departmental histories, clinic guides, policy documents, clinical studies, and community-preserved copies, tracing how transgender medicine moved from a surgical case record to multidisciplinary care and research cohorts.

A historical study of clinical, media, administrative, and community vocabularies for transgender and gender-diverse lives in mainland China, using a vocabulary-stratigraphy model to explain how terms such as yixingzheng, bianxing ren, gender reassignment, transgender, and kuar coexist across institutions.

Using hospital records, media narratives, administrative rules, community hotlines, litigation and surveys, and digital archives, this study reconstructs mainland China’s transgender public history through six documentary regimes and a reproducible source-card method.